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Jatiyo Sangsad Bhaban | |
Type | |
Architectural style | Modern |
Structural system | Reinforced concrete |
Location | |
Started | 1961 |
Completed | 1982 |
Cost | Tk 1.29 billion (=1,290,000,000) |
Architect | |
Historical information
There have been nine national elections in Construction of the Jatiya Shangshad Bhaban began in 1961 by the Government of Pakistan as a permanent building for the federal legislature of both West and
Jatiya Shangshad was designed by Louis Kahn. First, Mazharul Islam was given to design Jatiya Shangshad Bhaban by the government. But, Islam brought his teacher Louis Kahn into the project to do a signifant work for future generation.
Data
The parliament building at night
- Beginning of construction: 1961
- Cost of construction and design: Tk. 129 crore or 1.29 billion (=1,290,000,000)
- Inauguration:
- Architect: Louis I. Kahn
- Total area: 200 acres (800,000 m²)
- Location: Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka,
- Number of Parliaments: 7 (seven)
- GIS coordinates: 23.762465°,90.378545°
History of use by Parliament
Seven Parliaments, including the current one led by Sheikh Hasina as the Prime Minister, have used the Jatiyo Sangsad Bhaban as the assembly building:- Second Parliament: 2 years 11 months (
- Third Parliament: 1 year 5 months (
- Fourth Parliament: 2 years 7 months (
- Fifth Parliament: 4 years 8 months (
- Sixth Parliament: 12 days (
- Seventh Parliament: 5 years (
- Eighth Parliament: 5 years (
Architecture and design
Close view of the building
Louis Kahn designed the entire Jatiyo Sangsad complex, which includes lawns, lake and residences for the Members of the Parliament (MPs).Location and basic layoutThe enclave, situated in Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, is bounded by four major streets:
- Rokeya Sarani to the East;
- The
- Presidential Plaza: 65,000 square feet (6,000 m²)
Design philosophy
Kahn's key design philosophy optimizes the use of space while representing Bangladeshi heritage and culture. External lines are deeply recessed by porticoes with huge openings of regular geometric shapes on their exterior, shaping the building's overall visual impact.In the architect Louis Kahn's own words:
“ | In the assembly I have introduced a light-giving element to the interior of the plan. If you see a series of columns you can say that the choice of columns is a choice in light. The columns as solids frame the spaces of light. Now think of it just in reverse and think that the columns are hollow and much bigger and that their walls can themselves give light, then the voids are rooms, and the column is the maker of light and can take on complex shapes and be the supporter of spaces and give light to spaces. I am working to develop the element to such an extent that it becomes a poetic entity which has its own beauty outside of its place in the composition. In this way it becomes analogous to the solid column I mentioned above as a giver of light. It was not belief, not design, not pattern, but the essence from which an institution could emerge... | ” |
Source: Louis I. Kahn. from Heinz Ronner, with Sharad Jhaveri and Alessandro Vasella Louis I. Kahn: Complete Works 1935-74. p236, 238.
The lake on three sides of the Bhaban, extending up to the Members' hostel adds to site's aesthetics and also portrays the riverine beauty of The assembly building received the Aga Khan Award for Architecture in 1989.
The Bhaban (Main Building
The Bhaban consists of nine individual blocks: the eight peripheral blocks rise to a height of 110' while the central octagonal block rises to a height of 155'. All nine blocks include different groups of functional spaces and have different levels, inter-linked horizontally and vertically by corridors, lifts, stairs, light courts, and circular areas. The entire structure is designed to blend into one single, non-differentiable unit, that appears from the exterior to be a single story.The main committee rooms are located at level two in one of the peripheral blocks. All parliamentary functionaries, including Ministers and chairpersons of some of the Standing Committees, have offices in the Bhaban. The Parliament Secretariat also occupies offices in the same building.
The Main Plaza
The artificial lighting system has been carefully devised to provide zero obstruction to the entry of daylight. A composite chandelier is suspended from parabolic shell roof. This chandelier in turn consists of a metallic web, spanning the entire chamber, that supports the individual light fixtures.
Upper levels of the block (that contains the Chamber) contain the visitor and press galleries, as well as communication booths, all of which overlook the Parliament Chamber. The block also contains:
- at level one, a library;
- at level three, MPs’ lounges; and
- at the upper level, party rooms.
The South Plaza
The - controlling gates;
- a driveway;
- a main mechanical plant room;
- a large car parking space;
- a telephone exchange;
- offices of maintenance engineers;
- equipment stores; and
- an open plaza with steps and ramps leading directly to the main building.
Presidential Plaza
The Presidential Plaza lies to the North and faces the Tourism and accessibility
Although entrance to the Bhaban, the The Complex can be accessed using any of the four roads surrounding it, however, the
Gallery
Jatiyo Sangsad Bhaban during sunrise:
 |
Current developments
During the government term that took office on 28 October 2001 , the Government communicated plans to "complete Louis Kahn's plans" by constructing residences for the Speaker and Deputy Speaker. According to some prominent architects, no such plan existed in the original design. Although the construction was started, it was halted and the issue is as of yet unresolved.
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